Biogas is one of the most used alternative sources for renewable energy production.
It is the result of the fermentation, in the absence of oxygen and at controlled temperature, of substances of organic origin (animal or vegetable) by numerous bacteria.
This degradation process of biomass (coming from agricultural residues, zootechnical or sewage wastewaters, integration crops, organic fraction of municipal waste collected differently, etc.) is called anaerobic digestion.
The result is composed of biogas, which has a high calorific power and can be converted into electricity and heat thanks to a co-generator, and fermentation residue, the digestate, a liquid material that is used as a natural fertilizer in crops.
Biogas is made up from 45 to 70% of methane, and the remaining part of carbon dioxide (other substances present in a lower percentage are carbon monoxide, nitrogen, hydrogen, hydrogen sulphide).
In view of the fight against climate changes, one of the most important topics on the world agenda after the entry in force of the Paris Agreement, biogas is indicated by international institutions as one of the main resources that can guarantee energy autonomy and the gradual reduction of the current state of the air pollution and the greenhouse effect. The biogas industry, therefore, will increasingly play a decisive role in the energy transition, in the process towards decarbonisation and in the green and circular economy.
The advantages of biogas:
- Source of clean and inexhaustible energy
- Generates electricity and heat
- Guarantees energy autonomy
- Enhance waste and by-products
